Talk to Centrelink.. But I highly doubt they're going to give you money if you aren't living away from home (more than 90km away from your parents house) to study. You won't get recognised as "independent" by the government because your parents are legally obliged to support you. This link here explains how you can gain independence from your parents:
http://www.centrelink.gov.au/internet/internet.nsf/payments/ya_independent.htm
I live 420km away from home (I live in Adelaide now) to study at university and I'm about to turn 19 and the government still recognizes me as dependent on my parents. I receive Youth Allowance + Rent Assistance but that's only because my parent's income comes under the cut off for families with 2 full time student dependents with one living away from home. But even then, my youth allowance doesn't cover my living costs and I have to work a job aswell.
As far as youth allowance goes, unless your parents have very low income (
http://www.centrelink.gov.au/internet/internet.nsf/payments/parent_income_iat.htm) then you won't be granted any government support like youth allowance, and even if you do, I highly doubt you'll receive enough to cover your rent of $185 per week unfortunately.
Another tip: I lived in the city last year while I was studying, just down the road from King William Road and found that the environment wasn't very quiet, especially at night with all the pubs and nightclubs.
Hope all this information helps, but you will need to lodge a claim with Centrelink for Youth Allowance (you can do this online through their website) but you will need to know all your parents income details and provide these to centrelink.
As for jobs going, I recommend you try Seek.com.au and send your resume into places in Rundle Mall.
Hope all this information helps!
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